Madarihat is a Scheduled Tribe (ST)-reserved Assembly constituency in Alipurduar district, defined by dense forest belts, wildlife-adjacent settlements, tea garden labour lines, and border-proximate rural tracts. Electoral behaviour is shaped by tribal consolidation depth, forest-rights discourse, plantation wage stability, and turnout elasticity in forest-fringe zones. Psephologically, Madarihat functions as a high-sensitivity ST forest-border seat where mobilisation symmetry and ecological issues influence margin volatility.